Ghana’s Fourth Republic has seen a unique pattern of political succession that has become firmly established since its inception in 1992. This phenomenon, known as the “Chain in the Eight,” involves an eight-year cycle of alternating rule between the two major political parties, the New Patriotic Party (NPP) and the National Democratic Congress (NDC).
The cycle can be attributed to former President Jerry John Rawlings, who played a significant role in shaping the 1992 constitution that laid the foundation for democracy in Ghana. Jerry Rawlings aimed to create a constitutional framework to protect the presidency and promote democratic governance.
However, Ghana’s electoral system has experienced some departure from what is seen as the established course of the eight-year cycle, such as the unexpected accession of John D. Mahama to the presidency following the death of them President Prof J.E.A. Mills.
While the constitution provides for checks and balances, practical challenges remain in holding the President accountable. The judiciary’s powers are limited, and the impeachment process is arduous, which could potentially lead to unchecked executive authority.
Amidst evolving political dynamics, the future of Ghana’s eight-year political cycle remains uncertain, with speculation surrounding whether the NPP can alter the cycle established by Jerry Rawlings. The similarity between presidential authority and democratic principles will significantly influence the country’s political course, with leaders facing the challenge of maintaining accountability, justice, and constitutional values.
